The Grey Embrace: A Day's Weather Journey in Lima (May 15, 2025)

 The city of Lima, perched precariously between the vast, cool Pacific Ocean and the towering Andes, awakens on this Thursday, the 15th of May, 2025, wrapped in its characteristic meteorological cloak. Unlike cities that greet the dawn with vibrant sunrises, Lima in May often stirs under a sky already muted, a canvas of soft, pervasive grey. This is the cielo gris – the grey sky – a defining feature of Lima's unique coastal desert climate, especially as autumn deepens into winter.

In the pre-dawn hours, the atmosphere is cool and remarkably humid. The temperature hovers around 16°C to 17°C, a chilly feeling amplified by the high moisture content in the air, often nearing 90% relative humidity right along the coast. There is no significant precipitation at this hour, but the air is thick with moisture, sometimes leading to mist or patches of fog, particularly in the districts closer to the ocean like Miraflores, Barranco, or Chorrillos. The sound of the gentle Pacific waves is a constant, subtle backdrop to the city's awakening, and the smell of the sea is strong in the damp air.

As the city comes alive, the morning weather conditions persist. The sky remains stubbornly overcast, a uniform layer of low clouds stretching inland from the coast. The sun, a powerful entity elsewhere, struggles to pierce this natural barrier. While some forecasts suggest periods of "sunny intervals" today, particularly further inland or later in the day, the dominant condition for coastal Lima in the morning is this persistent cloudiness. The temperature rises slowly, perhaps reaching 18°C or 19°C by mid-morning. The "feels like" temperature is often lower than the actual reading due to the cool, humid air and lack of direct sunlight, contributing to a feeling of dampness and coolness.

The wind is typically light in the morning, a gentle breeze from the south or southwest, channeled by the coastline. It provides some minimal air movement, but it doesn't dissipate the low clouds effectively. Visibility can be reduced in areas affected by mist or fog, adding a slightly ethereal, muted quality to the urban landscape. The iconic cliffs along the coast can appear softer, partially obscured by the atmospheric moisture.

As the day progresses towards midday and the early afternoon, the weather forecast predicts a high temperature of around 21°C to 24°C. This is mild by many standards, but in Lima, where the temperature range is narrow throughout the year, it feels like a typical autumn day. The key variable for the afternoon weather is whether the cloud cover will break up, allowing for periods of sunlight. Some forecasts are optimistic, predicting sunny spells or "partly cloudy" conditions. If the sun does break through, the temperature can feel significantly warmer, and the UV index, even on partly cloudy days, can become high, reaching 8 or even higher according to some sources. So, despite the often-grey sky, the potential for strong UV radiation exists when the clouds thin.

However, it's equally likely that the overcast conditions will persist, or that the clouds will thin but not completely dissipate, leaving the sky with a general cloudiness. In this scenario, the temperature will remain mild or cool, and the high humidity, staying in the 70s or 80s, will continue to make the air feel damp.

A characteristic weather phenomenon of Lima during these months is the garúa. This isn't rain in the conventional sense, but a fine, misty drizzle that hangs in the air or falls so lightly it barely registers as individual raindrops. The weather forecast for today generally indicates a very low chance of actual rain, often listed as 0% precipitation. However, the garúa is a different matter – it's more of a pervasive dampness than measurable rainfall. Whether or not the garúa will be present today depends on the thickness and height of the low clouds and the subtle shifts in the atmospheric conditions. If it does occur, it adds a layer of dampness to surfaces and makes the air feel even more chilly and moist.

The wind in the afternoon is expected to be a gentle to moderate breeze, typically from the southwest, driven by the temperature difference between the land and the cooler ocean. This coastal wind is constant and helps to regulate the temperature, preventing it from getting too hot, even on days with more sunlight.

As late afternoon arrives, the temperature will begin its slow descent towards the overnight low of 16°C to 18°C. The sky will likely revert to being completely overcast as evening approaches, regardless of whether there were sunny spells during the day. The setting sun, if visible at all, might only create a brief, muted display behind the thick cloud cover. The air will feel cooler and the humidity will remain high, making the dampness more noticeable. The concept of "feels like" temperature becomes particularly relevant in these evening hours, as the combination of cool temperatures and high humidity can feel quite chilly to those not accustomed to it.

The weather forecast for the night points to continued overcast conditions. The temperature will settle into its minimum range. The humidity will stay high, often in the high 80s or 90s, creating that characteristic damp Lima night atmosphere. The wind will become lighter, a gentle breeze from the south or southwest. The possibility of garúa persists or even increases overnight as the low clouds consolidate.

Living in Lima under this kind of weather involves dressing in layers – a t-shirt, a sweater, and a light jacket are often necessary to adapt to the subtle temperature changes and the pervasive coolness and dampness. Umbrellas are generally not needed for garúa, but waterproof jackets can be useful. Buildings in Lima are often not heated, so the coolness is felt indoors as well as out. Despite the lack of dramatic weather events like thunderstorms or heavy rain (which are rare in Lima's desert climate), the constant cloudiness, humidity, and mild temperatures create a distinct and consistent atmospheric condition.

The city's parks and public spaces take on a different character under the grey sky. The vibrant colors might seem a little muted, but the greenery often looks lush and well-watered, sustained by the high humidity and the occasional garúa. The coastline, usually bustling, can feel more introspective, the vast grey ocean meeting the grey sky at a blurred horizon.

This weather is not just a set of statistics; it's part of Lima's identity. It influences the mood, the architecture, the way people dress, and the rhythm of daily life. It's a climate shaped by the cold Humboldt Current offshore, which cools the air and creates the stable marine layer that produces the persistent low clouds and garúa, while blocking significant precipitation.

As this Thursday, May 15, 2025, draws to a close, the weather remains true to its nature in Lima. A cool, humid, overcast night settles over the city. The atmospheric pressure is likely stable. The visibility might be reduced by mist. The weather forecast has painted the picture of the day – a story of grey skies, mild temperatures, high humidity, and the ever-present possibility of the gentle garúa. It's a weather pattern that defines Lima, a city that thrives under its unique, cloudy, and surprisingly consistent climate. The meteorological conditions of today fade into the night, leaving behind the unique atmosphere that only Lima can create, ready for the next day's chapter in its endless weather story.

Paris Under a Tempered Sky: A Day of Clouds, Warmth, and the Threat of Distant Rumble

 Paris, the city of light, romance, and timeless elegance, greeted this Tuesday, May 13th, 2025, not with its usual sun-drenched glow, but beneath a sky veiled in clouds. The weather forecast painted a picture of a day that would be mild and often warm, but with a certain atmospheric tension, holding the possibility of dramatic, if perhaps brief, thunderstorms later in the day.

The morning began with a distinct coolness lingering from the night. Temperatures were in the low to mid-50s Fahrenheit (around 12-13°C), crisp enough to make pulling a light jacket a sensible choice. The sky was uniformly cloudy, a grey blanket stretching overhead, muffling the early morning light. Sunrise, which occurred around 6:11 AM, was less a grand spectacle and more a gradual increase in diffused light, painting the city in soft, muted tones.

A light wind was present, a gentle breeze blowing from the north at around 5 miles per hour. It was subtle, barely noticeable in sheltered courtyards or narrow streets, but perhaps a little more apparent when crossing bridges over the Seine or strolling through more open squares. The air felt relatively dry initially, contributing to a "feels like" temperature that was close to the actual temperature in the early hours. The UV Index was low, just a 1-2 in the morning, reflecting the dense cloud cover's ability to block the sun's rays.

As Parisians began their day – the bakers opening their shops, the cafes setting out chairs, the metro rumbling beneath the cobblestones – the temperature started its slow ascent. By late morning, it had climbed into the low 60s Fahrenheit (around 17-18°C). The cloud cover remained persistent, a constant presence overhead. Sunlight was a rare commodity, occasionally attempting to break through, but mostly succeeding only in creating slightly brighter patches within the grey expanse.

The forecast carried a notable element of atmospheric drama: a "Yellow Warning for Thunderstorms" was in effect for Paris and the Île-de-France region from early morning until midnight. While the morning itself wasn't stormy, this alert indicated the potential for thunderstorms to develop later in the day, particularly from the afternoon onwards, with chances of rain increasing from moderate in the late afternoon (around 5 PM) into the evening (up to 30-50%).

By midday, temperatures had reached the mid-60s Fahrenheit (around 18-20°C). The humidity had increased, however, lending a certain heaviness to the air and pushing the "feels like" temperature higher, making it feel as warm as 67-68°F (around 19-20°C). The wind remained light, now blowing from the east/east-northeast at around 5-7 miles per hour, perhaps gusting slightly higher. This gentle breeze did little to alleviate the increasing warmth and humidity.

The afternoon was the period when the potential for thunderstorms became more tangible. While much of the day remained cloudy, the air felt charged. Temperatures topped out around 68-70°F (20-21°C). The "feels like" temperature, influenced by the humidity, continued to hover in the low to mid-70s Fahrenheit (23-24°C). The wind remained light to moderate, sometimes gusting up to 13-16 mph during the potential for showers.

Imagine being near the Eiffel Tower in the afternoon. The sky above would be a dramatic canvas of clouds, perhaps with darker bases building. The threat of a sudden downpour or the rumble of thunder would add a layer of anticipation to the atmosphere. People strolling along the Champ de Mars or enjoying a picnic might keep a wary eye on the sky. The UV Index remained low to moderate (1-3), still reflecting the significant cloud cover. Visibility, generally good, might drop during any passing showers.

The scattered nature of the potential thunderstorms meant that some parts of Paris might experience a sudden shower, perhaps heavy for a short period, while others remained dry. The rain would briefly darken the pavement, send people ducking for cover in cafes or Metro stations, and add the distinctive scent of wet city streets to the air. The sound of rain on awnings and the splashing of puddles would punctuate the usual urban symphony.

As late afternoon transitioned into evening, the chance of rain remained moderate. The clouds persisted, ensuring that the sunset, expected around 9:23 PM, would be obscured. The light would simply fade gradually, the city lights taking over as the natural light receded. Temperatures would begin their slow decline towards the overnight low of 53-55°F (around 11-13°C).

The evening atmosphere would be influenced by the earlier potential for rain and the continued cloudiness. While not necessarily cold, the air would feel cool and damp, particularly after any showers. Restaurants and theaters would offer warm, dry havens. A late evening stroll along the Seine would be under a cloudy sky, the iconic buildings softly illuminated, the sound of the river mingling with the distant city sounds. The wind would remain light from the north.

May 13th, 2025, in Paris was a day defined by its cloudy sky and the hovering possibility of thunderstorms. It was a day that felt mild to warm due to humidity, despite temperatures that weren't exceptionally high. The "Yellow Warning" added an underlying note of atmospheric tension, a reminder that even the most beautiful cities are subject to the whims of the weather. It was a day for appreciating the subtle beauty of Paris under a tempered sky, for finding charm in its cozy interiors, and for experiencing the city's enduring magic, rain or shine (or, in this case, mostly clouds and a little rain).

A Glimpse into Tokyo’s Weather Today: A Blend of Tradition and Modernity Under the Clouds

 Tokyo, the bustling capital of Japan, is a city that seamlessly blends the ultramodern with the traditional. From towering skyscrapers to serene temples, Tokyo offers a unique experience to its visitors and residents alike. Today, the weather in Tokyo plays a significant role in shaping the day’s activities, adding its own character to the city’s vibrant atmosphere. As of today, Tokyo is experiencing a mild and overcast day, with temperatures hovering around 18°C (64°F) and a gentle breeze from the northeast. The humidity is relatively high at 75%, and there is a 30% chance of light rain later in the evening. While the skies are mostly cloudy, the weather is comfortable enough for exploring the city’s many attractions.

Morning: A Cloudy Start to the Day

The day began with a thick blanket of clouds covering the Tokyo skyline, casting a soft, diffused light over the city. The temperature at dawn was around 15°C (59°F), making it a cool but pleasant morning. The lack of direct sunlight gave the city a calm and subdued ambiance, perfect for a leisurely stroll through some of Tokyo’s iconic neighborhoods.

One of the best places to experience Tokyo in the morning is the historic Asakusa district. Home to the famous Senso-ji Temple, Asakusa is a stark contrast to the futuristic vibe of areas like Shibuya or Shinjuku. The temple, which dates back to the 7th century, is Tokyo’s oldest and most revered Buddhist site. As visitors approach the temple through the Kaminarimon Gate, they are greeted by the massive red lantern that has become a symbol of Asakusa. The Nakamise shopping street, leading up to the temple, is lined with stalls selling traditional Japanese snacks, souvenirs, and crafts. The overcast weather adds a mystical touch to the temple’s ancient architecture, making it an ideal time for photography and quiet reflection.

Midday: Comfortable Temperatures for Urban Exploration

By midday, the temperature in Tokyo rose to a comfortable 18°C (64°F), making it an excellent time to explore the city’s outdoor attractions. Despite the cloudy skies, the lack of harsh sunlight made it easier to navigate the bustling streets. One of the most popular spots to visit during this time is the Meiji Shrine, located in the heart of Shibuya. Surrounded by a lush forest, the shrine offers a tranquil escape from the city’s hustle and bustle. The overcast weather enhances the serene atmosphere, with the soft light filtering through the trees creating a peaceful environment for visitors.

The Meiji Shrine is dedicated to the deified spirits of Emperor Meiji and his wife, Empress Shoken. The shrine’s towering torii gate, made from cypress wood, marks the entrance to the sacred grounds. Visitors can participate in traditional Shinto rituals, such as writing their wishes on ema (wooden plaques) or drawing omikuji (fortune-telling paper slips). The shrine’s expansive grounds also include a beautiful iris garden, which is particularly enchanting in the subdued light of an overcast day.

For those looking to experience Tokyo’s modern side, a visit to the Odaiba district is a must. Located on a man-made island in Tokyo Bay, Odaiba is a hub of entertainment, shopping, and futuristic architecture. The cloudy weather adds a dramatic backdrop to the district’s iconic landmarks, such as the Rainbow Bridge and the giant Gundam statue. The teamLab Borderless digital art museum, located in Odaiba, is another must-visit attraction. The museum’s immersive exhibits, which blend art, technology, and nature, are a feast for the senses and provide a unique experience that is distinctly Tokyo.

Afternoon: A Chance to Indulge in Tokyo’s Culinary Delights

As the afternoon progresses, the weather remains mild, making it an ideal time to indulge in Tokyo’s world-renowned culinary scene. The city is home to countless restaurants, cafes, and street food stalls, offering everything from traditional Japanese dishes to international cuisine. One of the best places to experience Tokyo’s food culture is Tsukiji Outer Market. Although the famous Tsukiji Fish Market relocated to Toyosu in 2018, the outer market remains a bustling hub of activity. Visitors can sample fresh sushi, grilled seafood, and other Japanese delicacies while exploring the narrow alleys lined with vendors.

For those with a sweet tooth, a visit to Harajuku’s Takeshita Street is a must. This vibrant street is known for its quirky shops and trendy cafes, many of which specialize in colorful and Instagram-worthy desserts. The overcast weather makes it a comfortable time to stroll through the area and try treats like rainbow cotton candy, crepes filled with whipped cream and fruit, and matcha-flavored soft serve ice cream.

Evening: A Hint of Rain and the City’s Nighttime Glow

As evening approaches, the weather in Tokyo takes a slightly cooler turn, with temperatures dropping to around 16°C (61°F). The clouds remain thick, and there is a 30% chance of light rain, adding a touch of romance to the city’s nighttime ambiance. One of the best places to experience Tokyo in the evening is the Tokyo Skytree. Standing at 634 meters (2,080 feet), it is the tallest tower in the world and offers breathtaking views of the city. On a cloudy evening, the city lights reflect off the low-hanging clouds, creating a mesmerizing glow that can be seen from the tower’s observation decks.

Another iconic spot to visit in the evening is Shibuya Crossing, often referred to as the busiest pedestrian crossing in the world. The overcast weather and potential for rain do little to dampen the energy of this bustling intersection. As the traffic lights turn red, waves of people flood the crossing, creating a mesmerizing spectacle. The surrounding area is filled with neon signs, shops, and restaurants, making it a vibrant place to explore even on a cloudy night.

For a more relaxed evening, a visit to the Tokyo Tower is highly recommended. Inspired by the Eiffel Tower, this iconic landmark is illuminated in a warm orange light, standing out against the cloudy sky. The tower’s observation decks offer stunning views of the city, and the nearby Zojo-ji Temple provides a peaceful contrast to the tower’s modernity.

Conclusion: Tokyo’s Weather as a Reflection of Its Diversity

Today’s weather in Tokyo, with its mild temperatures and overcast skies, perfectly complements the city’s diverse offerings. From the historic temples of Asakusa to the futuristic attractions of Odaiba, Tokyo’s blend of tradition and modernity is enhanced by the soft, diffused light of a cloudy day. The chance of light rain in the evening adds a touch of unpredictability, reminding visitors and residents alike of the city’s dynamic nature.

Whether you’re exploring ancient shrines, indulging in culinary delights, or marveling at the city’s skyline, Tokyo’s weather today provides a comfortable and atmospheric backdrop for all your adventures. As the city transitions from day to night, the overcast skies and potential rain only add to its charm, making it a day to remember in this ever-evolving metropolis.

Portugal Weather Story

 The sun dipped below the horizon, casting warm hues of orange and pink across the sky as Miguel sat on his terrace in Lisbon. With a steaming cup of coffee in hand, he let out a contented sigh. "Ah, another perfect day in Portugal," he mused.

Portugal, with its captivating landscapes and rich history, is a country of remarkable climatic diversity. From the sun-drenched beaches of the Algarve to the misty, verdant mountains of the north, the country's weather is as varied as its geography. Miguel had traveled across Portugal countless times, experiencing firsthand the nuances of its climate.

In the south, the Algarve basked in near-constant sunshine. Its Mediterranean climate meant hot, dry summers and mild winters. Tourists flocked to its golden beaches, lured by the promise of clear blue skies and balmy ocean breezes. Miguel recalled his summer trips there, dipping into the cool Atlantic waters after a long day under the blazing sun. Temperatures could soar beyond 30°C (86°F) in July and August, yet the refreshing sea breeze made it pleasant. Winter, though milder, still offered daytime temperatures of around 16°C (61°F), drawing in retirees and winter sun seekers.

Further up the coast, Lisbon enjoyed a similar Mediterranean climate, though with a bit more variation. The city’s summers were warm, with temperatures hovering around 28°C (82°F), though the famous Atlantic winds often brought a cooling effect. "It’s that breeze that makes our summers so bearable," Miguel would often say.

The winter months in Lisbon were mild, with temperatures rarely dropping below 8°C (46°F) at night. Rain was more frequent in winter, but storms were short-lived. Miguel loved the city in the autumn, when the temperatures were still comfortable, and the streets took on a golden hue as the leaves fell from the trees lining Avenida da Liberdade. The locals knew that spring and autumn were the best times to explore the city without the scorching summer heat or the occasional winter downpours.

Venturing north, Miguel found a completely different climate awaiting him. Porto, Portugal’s second-largest city, had a temperate maritime climate. The summers were cooler than in Lisbon, with highs around 25°C (77°F), but the winters were noticeably wetter. "If you visit Porto in winter, don’t forget your umbrella," Miguel always advised his friends. The Atlantic Ocean played a significant role in Porto’s climate, ensuring that it never got too cold but also bringing frequent rain showers from November to March.

Beyond Porto, the Minho region, Portugal’s green heart, was even more dramatic. Miguel remembered hiking through the Peneda-Gerês National Park, surrounded by lush, mist-covered hills. This northernmost part of Portugal had the highest rainfall in the country, creating an almost mystical landscape of dense forests, cascading waterfalls, and deep valleys. Unlike the south, where the land turned dry and golden in summer, the Minho region remained green year-round.

In contrast, the inland regions of Portugal, such as Alentejo and Trás-os-Montes, experienced a more continental climate. Summers were scorching, with temperatures often exceeding 40°C (104°F) in the Alentejo plains. Miguel had once visited Évora in the peak of summer and could barely step outside until evening, when the heat finally relented. Winters in these regions, though, could be surprisingly cold, with frost and even occasional snow in higher elevations.

And then, there were the islands—Portugal’s Atlantic gems, Madeira and the Azores. Miguel had fond memories of visiting Madeira, often called the "island of eternal spring." With its subtropical climate, temperatures remained mild throughout the year, rarely dropping below 16°C (61°F) in winter or exceeding 26°C (79°F) in summer. Lush and fertile, Madeira owed its pleasant weather to the Gulf Stream and the trade winds, making it a paradise for nature lovers.

The Azores, lying further west in the Atlantic, had an even more unique climate. "You can experience four seasons in a single day," Miguel had once joked after being caught in sudden rain while hiking on São Miguel Island. The archipelago had a mild maritime climate with frequent rain showers, thanks to its location in the path of Atlantic weather systems. Despite this, the islands rarely experienced extreme temperatures, making them a haven for those seeking a cooler escape from Portugal’s mainland heat.

As Miguel finished his coffee, he smiled, thinking about the incredible weather variations across his homeland. Portugal was a country where one could find sunshine and warmth on the coast, fresh mountain air in the north, and even snowfall in the highlands. The diversity of climates made it special, ensuring that no matter the season, there was always a perfect destination to explore.

With that thought, Miguel stood up, stretched, and stepped inside. Tomorrow promised another beautiful day in Portugal, and he was ready to embrace whatever weather it would bring.

The Keeper of the Whispering Grove

 Deep within the heart of the ancient forest, where sunlight dappled through the verdant canopy, stood a grove of whispering trees. Elara, known as the Keeper, was its sentinel, a guardian of its secrets and its delicate balance. She felt a profound kinship with the grove, a connection that ran deeper than blood or time.

The grove held a unique magic; its trees, imbued with an ancient energy, whispered stories on the wind, tales of forgotten times and hidden realms. Elara, with her keen senses, could hear their voices, understanding the subtle nuances of their language. She felt the grove’s resonance, a living pulse that echoed the rhythm of her own heart.

Each year, during the autumn equinox, the grove unveiled its most precious gift: the Lumina Blossoms. These rare flowers, blooming only under the convergence of celestial energies, possessed an ephemeral beauty, their petals glowing with a soft, ethereal luminescence. They were a symbol of hope, a reminder of the fleeting nature of beauty and the enduring power of life.

However, a shadow had fallen upon the grove. A creeping blight, born of fear and discord, threatened to extinguish the Lumina Blossoms and silence the whispering trees. Elara felt the grove’s distress, a growing unease that permeated the air.

She knew she had to act, to protect the grove from the encroaching darkness. She ventured into the heart of the forest, following the faint trails of the blight, her heart heavy with concern. She navigated the labyrinth of tangled roots and winding paths, her senses alert, her spirit resolute.

She discovered a hidden spring, its waters tainted by the blight. The spring, she realized, was the source of the corruption, a gateway through which the darkness was seeping into the grove. She knew that she must crystallize the pure energy of the grove to create an aegis around the spring.

Elara gathered the Lumina Blossoms, their luminescence a beacon in the encroaching darkness. She wove their petals into a shimmering net, channeling the ancient energy of the grove through her hands. She sang the forgotten songs, her voice echoing through the trees, weaving a tapestry of light and sound.

As the net shimmered with power, she cast it over the tainted spring, sealing the gateway, purifying the waters. The blight recoiled, its tendrils withering, its power diminished.

The grove breathed a collective sigh of relief, the whispering trees rustling their leaves in gratitude. The Lumina Blossoms, their luminescence restored, shone brightly in the night sky. Elara, the Keeper of the Whispering Grove, had protected her sanctuary, ensuring that its magic would endure.

State lawmakers reject bill to curb farms’ water pumping

 California state lawmakers are pursuing a proposal to limit agricultural groundwater withdrawals as drought extends across California and wells in more than 1,000 homes have run dry.

A bill proposed by Rep. Steve Bennett, D-Santa Barbara, has created more hurdles to obtaining permits to drill agricultural wells. The bill passed the Senate on Monday, but Bennett decided not to take a final vote in the House of Representatives until the legislative session ends Wednesday night. He told California Govt. Gavin Newsom's office said the account is no longer available due to the account being changed.

In one of the driest years in recent history, California lawmakers passed no new laws to improve water supplies or prevent over-pumping, despite programs such as groundwater management and water recycling being budgeted. The bill would be the biggest change to groundwater management in California since the state's Sustainable Groundwater Management Act was passed in 2014 during the last drought, said Roger Dickinson, a former Sacramento Democrat and one of the authors.

Even after the law was passed, over 6,750 new irrigation wells were drilled in the last five years. "You can't achieve sustainability unless you're aware of continued drilling," said Dickinson, director of policy for CivicWell, a nonprofit that advocates for sustainable local policies.

If Bennett's proposal is approved, local groundwater management agencies, primarily in the Central Valley, will have to assess whether new, expanded or reactivated wells will affect local aquifers before local authorities can issue permits. Applicants must also submit surveys by an engineer or geologist demonstrating that the well does not interfere with a nearby well.

The legislation focuses on agricultural wells. Excludes wells for domestic and public water systems that pump less than two acres per year.

The bill had little public debate in the Senate until it passed on Monday. But a few months ago, Central Valley lawmakers protested, sparking heated debate in Congress.

Fresno Republican Congressman Jim Patterson said, "If we continue this tough approach, we will see a day when millions of acres of farmland will go idle and thousands of farm workers will lose their jobs." said in May. "The death of agriculture is only part of these voices."

Congressman Adam Gray, a Democrat from Merced, said the bill would "make a complete statement and reverse the process in Sacramento, regardless of local circumstances."

"Once again we're seeing legislation written and supported by people who are not from the Valley who think they know what's best for us," he said in a statement Thursday.

Business and agriculture groups, including the California Chamber of Commerce and the California Farm Bureau Federation, objected that the measure would affect landowners' rights to use groundwater and would sue the permit decision. Daniel Merkley, director of water resources at the California Farm Bureau Federation, called the legislation "premature" and "overkill."

He said it could interfere with "what we want to accomplish with groundwater in the future" and doesn't address the diversity of California's groundwater basin.

“Some (pools) are in severe overdraft and some are already managed in a sustainable way. This bill made one envelope for all”.

Bennett said farm and business groups strongly oppose the bill. However, the demise was due to an amendment brought to the Senate Appropriations Committee that weakened the provision compared to an order issued by Newsom earlier this year.

The changes removed the permit requirement to demonstrate that their wells do not increase the settlement. Glendale Democratic state Sen. Anthony Portantino's credit chairman did not respond to a request for comment.

Newsom's order, issued after a record start to the year, temporarily prohibits local governments from allowing wells that could damage nearby wells or cause subsidence that could damage structures. "If that doesn't happen and we keep it as strong as an executive order, I'm sure this bill is on the governor's desk and he will sign it," Bennett said. "But instead we have to start all over again next year."

 

Read more: https://calmatters.org/environment/2022/09/california-legislation-water-drought/